Resistance Welding Machines Control

Welding is employed in several forms. Today, natural philosophy, and alternative small-size devices ar growing within the fastening trade, a sector sensitive to the resistance fastening method. this is often the body, through the temperature of contact and coalesced weld tannagagi twofold once the new components, that may be a thermal method. This methodology is analogous to alternative heat waterproofing, however with some variations. the primary of those variations, of course, the scale of the parts and solder. Microelectrodes micro-resistance fastening machines ar unbroken, artisan fastening method itself, the box containing the management natural philosophy and controls, and also the fastening head consists of the workpieces in tiny and place them connected. Points or contact points instead of themselves as micro-electrodes, 0.010 sq. centimetre in size, very small. one among the foremost precise management of electrical welders and weld heads, terribly precise management of the energy of the electrodes wouldn't disrupt the weak.

There are three types of micro-resistance welding electrode welding, dig welding, projection welding straight through. A weld line, welded to each other as objects to be constructed in contrast to the two electrodes, such as electricity, Cut, a heating of the weld. Along the length of a welding electrodes or workpieces, except for the two overlapping sites to be moved to form a continuous series, in fact, a single weld line. A humpback welding projections extending in fact its name from the two surfaces. If this method is a thin piece of a larger piece of welding, thermal balance, the improvement will reduce the amount of energy to dig a welded reasons, a number of uses, so that a plurality of pulse welding with spot welding.


Parallel to the weld gap to the following two types of micro-resistance welding mentioned in the preface. Both the type of welding electrodes, making approached in the same direction. With an insulating layer on the opposite side of the pieces of this technique is especially useful when welded. Currently, there are two things in a series configuration of the electrode assembly and the other electrode, an electrode and allows the flow. Welding step, the contact electrode material and the flow passes through the interface that all objects.

The first step is to perform micro-resistance welding, the copper electrode on the other two parts over the place. Next, the welding head, welding, narrow, two pieces brought to a point near the bottom of the upper electrode. Transfer the pieces to the point of intersection of the two current electrodes are pressed together. There is a connection between the two electrodes to heat the material quickly, but both were to dissolve. Power when weld between the two parties to form, cooling the molten zone and solidifies.

Micro resistance welding systems for automotive, aerospace, medical and electronics manufacturing, including the majority of areas, including in many applications. Micro resistance welding of thin wires soldered to the rest of widespread PCB pads are used for the electronic industry. Some of the naming of this type of welding, sensors, lights, batteries, used in the manufacture of solar panels and smoke detectors. Automobile sector, micro-resistance welding of light, air bag systems, electronic sensors and controls used.

In short, the most popular form of micro-resistance welding connection hardware. It would be cheaper for a clean, safe and fast. The usefulness of micro-resistance welding to the development of the industry.

Read More

Electric Arc Welding Technology

Electric Arc Welding

For centuries wrought las used as the primary process to connect the metal without much experience growth. In the early 19th century, found a new way, namely electric arc welding flame (Electric Arc Welding) with a carbon rod electrode without the wrapper by using the battery as a power source. The main weakness of electric welding process is the oxidation of carbon is high relative to the weld (weld easily rust) so that the welding is widely used.

At the same time, in 1877, found weld resistance (Resistance Welding). A British physicist, James Joule, recognized as the inventor. In 1856 he heat up two pieces of wire with electric current. During the heating process, the wires are pressed to each other. It turns out the two wires are tied to each other after heated.

In further development, resistance welding produces several types of welding processes, eg welding flash (Flash Welding) in the electrical resistance 1920. Welding achieve glory of being created different types of robots. Developed to meet the needs of the various forms of electrical resistance welding includes welding point, interval, seam (line) and projection. Welding Process implement this in the heat and press. Electrode serves as a channel for the flow and pressure plate-shaped workpiece.

In the next decade, introduced last hermit (Thermit Welding) by adding a chemical process is repertoire welding technology. Welding termit by pouring molten metal between two metal end which would be connected so it would melt. After freezing the fused metal and liquid metal is poured to function as an added ingredient.

In the late 19th century found oxy acetylene welding, weld it managed to shift the use of welding wrought and dominate the welding process for several decades to develop electric welding ..
In 1925, oxy acetylene welding repair is shifted by the electric arc welding in which welding arc is wrapped electrode wear. After the fire, wrapping electrode produces gas and slag. Gas protects the weld crater of oxidation during the welding process is underway. Protect the weld slag during the freezing process to cool (until the slag is cleaned). Limitations of arc welding electrode rod is limited so long electrode any given period should stop changing the welding electrode. More material efficiency is far from 100% because I had no butt.

Starting from this weakness was then in the late 1930s created an arc welding electrode coils. In principle, the welding is not necessary to stop before reaching the end of the weld line. And welding can be done by automatic or semi automatic. Used as a protective flux. Flux outlined shortly in advance so that the electrode electric arc flame hidden by the flux. Advantage, the operator is not dazzled by the flame of an electric arc, weakness, limited to the welding position just under the hands of the other positions scattered flux will fall before the function.

In 1941 in the United States found Tungsten electrode. Tungsten is not melted by the heat of the flame of an electric arc that does not feed in the weld. Core is used as a protective gas (Inert) which can persist for some time on his condition. Core gas ejected stricken welds so the welds protected from oxidation. Because it uses the core as a protective welding welding is often called TIG welding (Tungsten Inert Gas).

The successful use of gas tungsten core pad pad pad pad electrode also tried the roll in the early 1950s. This process is hereinafter referred to as Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) or MIG welding (Metal Inert Gas). Because metered gas is very expensive then used a mixture of argon and oxygen gas or CO gas is quite active. Welding is commonly called the Metal Active Gas (MAG). Can also be used protective argon mixture with CO for not more than 20% the result is quite good because it does not leave the slag. Please note that the protective gas is more expensive gas, then the way is only used for special purposes.

Found the next arc welding electrode welds with a protective roll floured. In order to be used in all positions, such as perforated pipe electrodes are made to put the flux. The process is relatively cheaper than gas arc welding, it can be to any position and can be developed technical welding semi-automatic or fully automatic welding is called the flux cored arc welding electrodes (Flux Core Arc Welding) electrodes Then there are the components to be mounted on the other. This is called weld stud welding. Stud mounted on the main body through three stages, namely the setting position, the search ends and the main body studs and stud pressure on the main body shortly after the arc flame is turned off.

After that developed electric welding high frequency is 10 000 to 500 000 Hz. High-frequency electric welding is often called induction welding. Judging from the unification process of the workpiece, solid welding including welding aided by heat to break down a layer of oxidation or dirt on the surface of the workpiece. Produced heat the workpiece surface is very thin so it is suitable for welding thin plate.

In the 1950s, transforms electrical energy into a beam of electrons fired from the workpiece. Greater the heat generated and the dimensions of the former electron is much smaller than electric arc flame, welding very quickly so it is suitable for mass production. Hot region becomes more narrow so it is suitable for materials sensitive to thermal changes. Excellent weld quality and accuracy, it's just very expensive equipment. This method is called las electron (Electron Beam Welding).

Scratch Welding
In 1950, AL Chudikov, a mechanic from the Soviet Union, put forward its observations on the theory of mechanical power can be converted into heat energy. Friction that occurs in the engine parts that move caused many losses as partly generated mechanical power turns into heat. Chudikov argue, so the bias should be used in the welding process. After going through a trial and he succeeded in welding research by utilizing the heat caused by friction. To increase the heat that occurs, the workpiece is not rotated but only pressed one against another. Pressure also serves to accelerate fusion. This is called friction welding (Welding Friktion)

Plasma Welding
Electric arc plasma flame welding (Plasma Arc Welding). Plasma process is an improved welding tungsten actually, it's just an electric arc burning between the electrodes do not appear to work but the object appears between the tip electrode with the gas flowing around the core. Welding plasma was better than tungsten because of arc welding flame that appears more stable power with a smaller diameter so that the heat is more concentrated. Faster welding process bias, in addition to tungsten never touch the workpiece.

Sound Welding
Earlier in the year 1960 was marked by the discovery of welding that uses high frequency sound (Ultrasonic Welding). It also uses an electric welding process works, there is no power at the workpiece, the heat generated merely the result of processes and it is only helpful in the process of unification of the workpiece.

Voice used ranged from 10 000 to 175 000 Hz, the sound vibrations transmitted through electrode mounted on the workpiece. Then pressure is applied to the workpiece during the process. Advantages of this process is suitable for thin objects and not affected the type of material to which you connect. Not wearing thermal energy as the primary energy is its own advantages in certain materials and thin, it's just less work for the workpiece thickness above 2.5 mm x 2.

Various forms of ultrasonic welding:
Wedge reed spot.
Leteral drive spot.
Overthung copuler spot.
Line.
Ring.
Continuous seam.

Explosive Welding (Explosive Welding or EXW)

Explosive Welding (Explosive Welding or EXW) was developed from the observation of one's days of World War I, there are fragments of a powerful bomb attached to the other metals fell. Carl's research conclude that shrapnel is attached because the effects of jet in the event of collision. The effects of jet capable of cleaning dirt on the surface of the object so that it contacts between atoms both objects and generate a strong enough.

Laser Welding.
In 1955, the physicists found laser beam, simply speaking rays produced at a particular wavelength and parallel, then enlarged, light is then focused. The heat generated at the focus point is very high. By the year 1970, the laser began to apply the base pad, as the laser beam can be accurately adjusted so that the laser welding very suitable for special equipment.

Laser welding can be used to weld objects with a thickness of 0.13 mm to 29mm at the sliding speeds ranging from 21 mm / sec to 1.2 mm / s. Issues arising pedestal pad as well as laser welding electron, the workpiece is very small rift between 0.03 to 0.15. Up at this time a lot of classification methods used in the welding field, is due to the agreement in terms of these things. In the conventional ways of classifying these at this time can be divided into two groups, namely the classification based on the work and the classification based on energy use.

Read More

Basic Electrical Welding Technique

The principle of electric welding

Joining two or more pieces of metal together by melting or burning the search with an electric arc as a source of heat. The use of electricity as a source of light is divided into two:

1. Electric resistance welding
2. Electric arc welding flame


Electric resistance welding is a welding process will be undertaken by an electric current flows through the fields or the surface of the workpiece to be on the dial or the welding. Prisoners in the electric current will arise in the fields of touch and useful heat will cause the surface of the melt grafting. Thus, the pressure exerted between the two materials will cause a blend of work between the two pieces are connected. While electric arc welding is a welding flame that is done by changing the electrical current into heat to melt or melt the surface of the object to be spliced ​​and generate electricity through the flame arc electrodes. The occurrence of an electric current is caused by the voltage difference between the two poles of the work and electrode. This voltage difference is called voltage arc flame.
This voltage large between 20 volt and 40 volt

b. Electrode
Electrodes is an important part in the electric arc welding. During the welding electrodes will expire at on welding. Will affect the types of welding electrodes, so that the selection and type of elektrode be appropriate. Based on the protective film can be divided into two kinds of electrodes and electrode webbed plain.

Webbed electrode consists of the core and the protective or flux. Coating flux coating done with the way in spray, dip or destrus. Her purpose in this flux to the electrode when burning will produce co2 gas welding in order to protect the liquid, an electrical arc of oxygen that can undergo oxidation so that the weld material will affect the nature of the mechanism of the weld metal.
So the membrane electrode has functions such as:

1. Prevent formation of nitric oxides and metal during the welding process takes place.
2. Creating a protective shaft so as to reduce the speed of cooling, with the aim of the welded workpiece does not have brittle or fragile.
3. Provide specific properties of the weld by adding certain substances contained in the membrane.
4. Stabilize the arc and the arc flash drive so easy to control.

Hence the choice of electrode should be appropriate to consider the following.
• Type of weld metal to be in
• Thickness of material to be welded
• mechanical strength that is expected from the welding
• Outstanding welding and
• The seam of the workpiece

Read More

Scope and Definition of Welding

Definition of welding according to the American Welding Society, 1989

Welding is that the method of gold or non gold affiliation created by heating the fabric to be connected to the attachment temperature is carried out: with or while not the employment of pressure (pressure), solely the pressure (pressure), or with or while not employing a filler metal (filler)

Definition of welding according to the British Standards Institution, 1983
Welding is the process of switching between two or more materials in a plastic or liquid state using thermal (heat) or pressure (pressure) or both. Metal filler (filler metal) with a melting temperature equal to the melting point of the parent metal can be used within or without the splicing process.

Historians estimate that the ancient Egyptians began using welding with pressure in the year 5500 BC (to create by hammering sheets of copper piping that edges close to each other). Bendaseni Winterton said that the Egyptians made in the year 3000 BC consists of the base material of copper and gold smelting and beating results. This type of welding, which is called welding wrought (forge welding), is the first human effort in connecting two pieces of metal. Welding example is the famous ancient forging Damascus swords are made with forged iron layers of different nature.

Welding forging has evolved and important to the ancient Romans so that they refer to as a god Vulcan (the god of fire and metalworking) for the state of art. Now the word is used for retreading rubber with sulfur treatment process, but the first word means "hardened". These days welding wrought practically been abandoned and the last made by a blacksmith.

Years 1901-1903 Fouché and Picard developed a welding rod that can be used with acetylene (carbide gas), so since it began the era of welding and cutting oksiasetilen (carbide gas oxygen). Period between 1903 and 1918 was a period of use of welding mainly as a way of improvement, and the most rapid growth occurred during World War I (1914-1918). proven welding technique can be applied mainly to repair the damaged ship. Winterton reported that in 1917 there were 103 enemy ships in the U.S. are broken and the number of workers in welding operations increased from 8000 to 33 000 during the period 1914-1918. After 1919, the use of welding as construction and manufacturing techniques began to evolve with the first electrode alloy (alloy) the copper-tungsten for welding point in 1920. In the period 1930-1950 occurred a considerable increase in the development of welding machines. Sunset flame arc welding process (submerged) the arc flame sealed under a flux powder first used commercially in 1934 and patented in 1935. Now there are more than 50 kinds of welding processes that can be used to connect various metals and alloys.

Welding that we see today is much more complex and highly developed. Advances in welding technology is so rapidly until 1877. Prior to 1877, forging welding and soldering process has been used for 3000 years. The origin of the electrical resistance welding (resistance welding) began around 1877 when Prof. Elihu Thompson began experiments on the reversal of the polarity of the transformer windings, he received his first patent in 1885 and blunt the electrical resistance welding machine (resistance butt welding) was first exhibited at the American Institute Fair in 1887.

In 1889, Coffin was given a patent for welding flame blunt particles (flash-butt welding) welding process is a blunt one that matters. Zerner in 1885 introduced the flame carbon arc welding process (carbon arc welding) using two carbon electrodes, and NG Slavinoff in 1888 in Russia was the first to use the flame of metal arc process using bare electrode (without coating). Coffin also working independently investigate the flame of metal arc process and received a patent in the United States in 1892. In 1889, A.P. Strohmeyer introduced the concept of a coated metal electrode to eliminate the many problems that arise in the use of bare electrodes. Thomas Fletcher in 1887 wearing inflatable tube of hydrogen and oxygen are burned, and show that it can cut or melt the metal. At this present time welding technique has been used widely utilized in various fields. Wide use of welding technology due to buildings and machinery are made by means of welding techniques are becoming cheaper.

Read More

Some ways of welding rails

Rail transport reasons leading to the location of the manufacturer is usually cut into the rail tracks with a length of 25 m. To increase the convenience of the train that runs on top of the rail is connected. Connecting rails done in several ways:

Thermite welding
One common way is by thermite welding location so it can be a continuous rail. Welding using thermite welding using the chemical compounds of iron which is placed between the rails and then the material is reacted at temperatures up to dilute the chemical and connect the rails, the waste products of chemical reactions are then cut and trim the rails.

Electric welding flash / Flash Butt Welding
One other way that is used in welding the railway line is to welding flashes of electricity or in English is called "Flash Butt Welding", ie by approaching the end of the two pieces to be welded rails that have been given an electrical charge to the current very large, so when this happens there will be a flash of electricity that will heat up and melt the tip is brought near the second rail. Once the rails are brought near the second end of the incandescent and melts, the second rail ends together with a large pressurized (150 - 300 kg/cm3) so that the ends of two pieces of rail are fused and then leveled and smoothing when the rails are still glowing. The advantages of this method is not needed materials such as thermite welding, and the results of welded joints in the rails is more powerful than using thermite welding, weld flash but it takes a shorter time, which is only 15 minutes per point of welding, as compared to thermite welding that takes time 25-30 minutes per point of welding. However, this method is not very suitable and dangerous in Indonesia, because the electric current can flow on the rail to the other rail. Given the many rail lines in various areas are densely populated, sometimes there are people especially children are innocently or accidentally touching the rails were given an electrical charge that can pose a shock hazard.

Bolted connection
Fishplate between the two rails which are connected

This connection is used on a buffer called the fish plate is bolted to the rails to be joined. With such a connection will be felt at the time of running the train.

Read More

Find Welding Inspector Course

Welding Inspector could be a technical field the that was Followed by many folks when a highschool credential. several students want to hitch World Health Organization this field of study can ought to have Recognized the correct attachment. you'll begin early with the inspector holding your career, however the foremost common thanks to begin right when you end highschool education.

To become a attachment inspector, you would like to search out a college or establishment wherever They teach courses wielding inspectors. the primary place to seem for it on-line, as a result of most of the attachment inspector Offered program is currently on-line. At first, you'll devour some demo categories to start out, once you've got done they're to decide on a study module That suits you best.

Many online schools and colleges offer flexible study timings are designed for working students. As a welding inspector jobs over the practical hands on work, requiring more practical than theoretical studies. Must complete the online study some practical work That can be done under the guidance of a specialist welding it.

On the internet, you can find a variety of welding inspector course. Some degree the last three to four years, while others are short-term courses That you can do during a small period of time. It really depends on the students, how students Quickly grasp the information. The Internet is a big world and you can find many other Certainly welding inspector program and students, with whom you can collaborate and discuss.

Besides online, there are traditional Airways to learn welding inspector course, an increasingly Enrolled in school or college That teach these courses. This is the method That is much better and Easier to get certified welding inspector That you have to get before doing commercial work.

Find good schools and affordable can be difficult, to touch. You can ask questions and take some classes to determine whether the school is good for you or your local no. School should be your first priority, Because you will have the local experience and you will enjoy your studies there is more. Many of the welding inspector course you take here will have an impact on your future job or field of work, so it is Important That you learn best. Try to take a good value Because It can affect your work in the future.

By taking the certification and study it fully, you will not only understand the subject but also will gain insight on industry norms and how the industry works. Welding job is all about working with the industry and you should have enough knowledge about the industry before you actually Become part of it.

A welding certification will definitely help you Become better at what you are. This Will Provide The Necessary recognition after undergoing rigorous training and practice of welding. Your certification will help you in getting a job and will put you on top of non-certified person. Your future will definitely be encouraged as you will become a certified welding inspector.

Read More

Welding Is Incomplete Without Its Modern Tools

There is a revolution in attachment. principally producing industries rely on the method of attachment. There square measure totally different materials to weld within the epoch. thanks to the technological innovation several attachment tools and techniques square measure accessible for creating the method easier, quicker and a lot of economical. attachment is that the method of connection the metals. attachment could be a piece of art. for example, the sculpture of liberty is welded.

Modern age welding is incomplete without the new tools.

Welding tools of quality need to be possessed. Any modern industries can't do without certain welding tools such as the arc tig plasma cutters and welding accessories.

Some factors are necessary to be considered before investing on welding tools such as the size of the tools and most importantly the type of material for welding? The budget is the significant factor for investing. Each of these tools comes with different features making it easy to weld, the type of features are to be considered.

The motive behind most of the industries in this age especially, is the revenue generated. For easy profit make investors want welding tools that complete the workefficiently and quickly. It is important for the equipment to satisfy the requirements of the welding industry be relatively easy to install. There are many tools having an advanced design made for multiple uses.

Plasma cutter is an invention, helping the world of welding in more than one way. Steel and metal of high thickness are made to the shape and size required. In this modern many welding industries of a small structure use this tool for its portability and the comfort it provides. Many of these tools are available in the market such as power plasma 50, power plasma 60, and power plasma 70 used for different purposes.

There are many welding accessories available in the market that is important for more reasons than one. These accessories are needed for the welder's protection also. These workers are exposed to lot of heat and flame and are in danger of causing harm to them! They need certain accessories for protecting themselves against these dangers. The most important of these accessories is the helmet which saves them exposing their eyes to heat as well as explosion. Helmets are available in various sizes.

There are many types of tiny tools used along with welding tools such as tig consumables, plasma consumables, mig consumables and tungsten. These tiny tools supporting the welding the worker is known as consumables. Each of them has a unique purpose.

It is impossible to neglect the power supply of a welding industry. Power supply is the most important part. To run the industry successfully alternative sources of power are required. Generators are commonly classified as deluxe, economy and super generators each having a unique purpose. Silent diesel generator is used for both commercial and residential purposes with 1000 hours of warranty.

Read More

Underwater wet welding techniques

Although the underwater wet welding techniques (in this case in question is wet welding) has been known since 1930, but in reality not many interested parties to apply as an Appropriate solution. There are Several benefits of this welding technique, Including the Relatively cheaper cost and preparation required is much shorter than with other techniques, but there are other Things That Must be Considered before Applying. This article will discuss about its application in the repair of offshore structures with a focus on the constraints and challenges. During the period of operation, offshore structures will require some intervention under the water for maintenance, repairs or changes Such as:

Strengthening structures for recertification WHO have exhausted its design life
Improvement due to design errors
Repairs due to damage Caused by:
Error during installation
Incidents, eg ship-groundings, storms, falling objects from the upper deck, etc.
cracks at the junction due to environmental conditions (waves, wind)
The Addition of the structure Because of changes in operations (riser clamp installation, caisson, etc..)
Anode installation

As Mentioned above That have not been many interested parties to implement these underwater welding techniques. It is evident That there are only 50 events under the water for repair welding of offshore structures were published during That the last 40 years, it's also a bit of information That is technique. The industry is still interested in using hyperbaric welding or mounting clamp even though it took preparation is more complicated and more expensive costs. Below are described some of the obstacles still exist That Make That the industry is still reluctant to use this technique, as well as some challenges if we want to use it. Interventions for the above, there are Several commonly used techniques Such as

Grinding out cracks

• Clamps
• Grout filling
• Hyperbaric welding
• Underwater welding

Constraints
The reluctance of the industry to use underwater welding technique is understandable considering the Following things:

Class, either DNV or have not received LR technique for permanent repairs. There are weld the which almost always accompanies defects (porosity, lack offusion, cracking) these burdensome welding technique for permanent improvement purposes. element is to repair the 'less important', classs can accept it as a conditional permanent Could be Considered a permanent home in the next inspection found no significant reduction of the quality of welding TSB.

AWS D3.6 refers to: 1999 'Specification for underwater welding', the best results can be obtained from this technique is a new Class B. Such results can only be acceptable if the purpose of welding That is only for the applications are less Important / critical applications where lower ductility, porosity is more, the discontinuities are Relatively more acceptable. If welding is used usually only applied for purposes That are 'fit for purpose' only.

The high risk of hydrogen cracking in the HAZ area, ESPECIALLY for That material has higher levels of carbon equivalent of 0.4%. Especially in the North Sea, offshore structures used to use this material.

Of experience in the industry, welding technique is only performed up into no more than 30 m.

Shielded metal arc process performance (SMA) of ferritic electrodes deteriorate with advancing into.

Commercial producers also limit the use of electrodes to a depth of 100 meters.

The nature of the welding results also deteriorated with Increasing depth, ESPECIALLY for small ductility and toughness.

Due to direct contact with water, the water around the welding area to boil and Becomes ionized hydrogen gas and oxygen. Most of the gas is fused into the HAZ area but most of the others will flow into the water. When the flow is retained, there will be a risk of explosion is usually harmful to divers.

RESOLUTION
Although there are Several obstacles That made the industry reluctant to use this welding technique, there are actually some of the restoration effort has been done That, both in technique and quality of welding electrodes, Such as:


Hydrogen cracking and HAZ hardness in the area can be minimized or avoided by the application of multiple temper bead (MTB). The concept of this technique is to control the ratio of heat (heat input) Between the layers of the welding bead. To control this heat, the size of the weld bead on the first layer should be 'adjusted' so That the minimum penetration into the material Could be obtained. Likewise for the second layer and so on. That there are three parameters affect the quality of welding in the application of this MTB, namely: the distance Between the temper bead, timescales and heat input welding.

Buttering technique can also be used primarily for materials with more than 0.4% CE. Electrodes butter use oxidizing agent electrode or electrodes have Thermit.

Usage of the electrode with the oxidizing agent, this agent will absorb hydrogen or oxygen gas is absorbed in Haz

Use of Thermit used. Electrode electrodes Could also be producing this type of high heat delivery and welding material (weld metal) are thereby slightly reducing the rate of cooling of the welding by the surrounding temperature, Causing a kind of post weld heat treatment process.

Nickel-based electrodes can not withstand the hydrogen to diffuse into HAZ area. unfortunately only a hardness in the HAZ area is still high and the welding quality is only good for up to 10 meters depth.

WE MUST DO
As Mentioned above, in Addition to lower cost, the most Important thing to Consider in the selection of underwater welding applications is the preparation of the brief. Equipment used for this work is similar to dry welding techniques. there are some Things to think about so That the application of underwater wet welding technique is more acceptable to the industry:

The Things Mentioned above to bridge shortcomings in the new underwater welding job proved to a depth of up to 30 meters. Welding institutions must be proactive to try new techniques for deeper waters.

Welding techniques depend on the ability of divers. That means even if the technique allows, welding can only be done up to a depth of 200 meters. Needs to Consider the use of automatic or mechanical techniques for deeper waters.

Read More

Internet Resources Drive Gases and Welding Sales

Dewitt, NY – Gases and attachment instrumentation distributors typically pay vital cash researching leads and learning concerning new customers and competitive accounts. abundant of the exact same valuable info is accessible without charge on the net. Finding this info will be troublesome, given the massive amount of unrelated info. The summer issue of attachment & Gases these days options a writing by sales skilled SAM Richter, referred to as “Know-More commercialism,” that gives associate array of cost-free resources to be told concerning customers.

According to a study by CSO Insights, sales intelligence is one of the most effective tools for improving a salesperson’s, and a company’s, sales effectiveness. In today’s value-oriented business marketplace, research—or “the fourth R,” as Richter calls it—is the tool that truly differentiates one business and one salesperson from the next.

From company proposals to vendor and client lists, companies think that the files they post online for colleagues to download are secure. But if not properly protected, Google can index the data and make them available to people who know how to look. Richter illustrates how Google’s advanced filetype search can uncover Excel spreadsheets and Powerpoint presentations hidden on a company’s website. A Google timeline search will show company news and press releases for any time period you select. Using advanced search functions will make Google your go-to resource for customer research.

Most people don’t know it, but one of the most powerful business research resources around is your local public library. Big companies with big budgets pay for expensive databases and list-building services. What you probably didn’t realize is most libraries have the same or similar databases that you can use for free.
Even better, you can often access most of these databases at no charge via your own home or work computer, any time you’d like.

Having a detailed understanding of your customer will better equip you to understand the company and will go a long way toward building a strong relationship. Want to learn how to harness the power of the Internet to learn about potential customers? Visit Welding & Gases Today Online, the leading journal for the welding equipment and industrial, medical and specialty gases industry.

For more information, contact Carole Jesiolowski, Editor of Welding & Gases Today, at editor@weldingandgasestoday.org or 315-445-2347.

Read More

Classification of Electric Welding Process

Electric welding with Carbon Electrodes, for example: an electric appliance with a single blast of carbon electrodes with an electric double carbon electrodes. On the electric base with carbon electrodes, the electric arc occurring between the end of the carbon and metal electrodes or between the two ends of the carbon electrodes to heat and melt the metal to be welded. Can be used as an ingredient added to the flux electrode or electrodes are webbed.

1. Electric welding with metal electrodes, for example:
2. Welding with electrodes webbed
3. TIG welding (Tungsten Inert Gas)

4. Submerged electric welding.
5. Welding with electrodes webbed

This electric welding electrode webbed as additives.
Electric arc occurring between the tip electrode and the base material will melt the tip of the electrode and the used base material. Membrane electrode that also burns will melt and produce a gas that protects the tip of the crater welding electrodes, an electric arc to the effects of outside air. Liquid membrane electrode which will freeze the surface of the weld stop up that also serves as a protection against external influences.
Electric arc temperature difference depends on where the measurement point, eg, the electrode tip temperature of 3400 ° C, but the workpiece can reach temperatures of 4000 ° C.

Electric TIG welding
TIG welding (Tungsten Inert Gas = Noble Gas Tungsten) using a tungsten electrode which is not an added ingredient. Electric arc between tungsten electrode tip and the base material is a heat source, for welding. Melting point of tungsten electrode is so high up to 3410 ° C, so that did not participate in the event of melting electric arc.
Electric rod equipped with a ceramic nozzle to protect the throwers protective gas welding area from the outside at the time of welding.
Most of the added material is used without the membrane electrode is moved and brought to the arc between tungsten electrode base material.
Argon used as a protective gas, helium or a mixture of both gases is that of usage depending on the type of metal to be welded.
TIG welding rod is usually cooled with less water circulating.

TIG welding burner consists of:
Submerged electric welding is usually automatic or semi-automatically using the flux powder for the protective effect of outside air. An electric arc between the electrode tip and the base material in the pile so that no ray flux welding out as usual on other electric welding. Welding operator does not need to use a glass eye protection (welding helmets).
At the time of welding, flux powder and frozen and will melt coating welded shut. Most of the flux powder which melts not be used again after cleaning of the slag-slag welding.
Electrode which is a coil-shaped wire vacum membrane (roll) is moved forward by a couple gears are rotated by an electric motor ean be arranged according to the needs of the welding speed.

Electric MIG welding
As with any electrical pedestal pad TIG, MIG power base pad is also heat generated by an electric arc between two electrons and the base material.
Electrode is a wire coil which moves in the form of rollers arranged by the couple gear-driven electric motor. Movement can be adjusted as necessary. The shaft is equipped with a nozzle weld metal to connect the protective gas is supplied from the gas bottle through the gas hose.
CO2 gas is used for welding mild steel and steel. Argon or a mixture of argon and helium for welding aluminum and stainless steel. MIG welding process is semi automatic get or automatic. Semi-automatic welding meant manually, while the automatic welding is carried out entirely automatic.
The electrodes exit through the stalks together with a protective gas.

Electric current
At this current, the electrons move along the conductor in one direction only.
Direction of flow of alternating current is sinusoide wave intersecting the zero on the time interval 1/100 second for a machine with a frequency of 50 hertz (Hz). Each cycle consisted of half-wave wave of positive and negative waves some middle. Alternating current can be converted into direct current by using a flow modifier

Read More

Classification Welding & Cutting

Up to this time a lot of classification methods used in the welding field, is due to the agreement in such matters. In the conventional ways of classifying these at this time can be divided into two groups, namely the classification based on the work and the classification based on energy use. The first classification divides molten weld in the welding, welding press, welding and other welding. While the second classification distinguishes the groups such as welding, chemical welding, mechanical welding and so on. If a more detailed classification is held again, then both of the above classifications will be mixed and formed groups are aplenty. Between the two ways of classification mentioned above classification seems to work more widely used because it is the classification described in this chapter are also based on the way to work. This classification is based on the wel ding can be divided into three main classes, namely: Liquid welding, welding and soldering press.Welding welding how in which the liquid is heated to melt the connection with the heat source of an electric arc or gas flame burning sources.

1. Welding welding press is the way in which connections are heated and then pressed up into one.
2. Soldering welding is the way in which the connection was tied up and put together programs so use a metal alloy having a low melting point. In this case the parent is not involved melting metal. Cuts are discussed in this book is how to cut metal that is based on a cut metal melt. Way that is widely used in welding and cutting with oxygen gas by the electric arc cutting. Welding is the most widely used at this time is a liquid with arc welding gas.

Up to this time a lot of classification methods used in the welding field, is due to the agreement in such matters. In the conventional ways of classifying these at this time can be divided into two groups, namely the classification based on the work and the classification based on energy use. The first classification divides molten weld in the welding, welding press, welding and other welding. While the second classification distinguishes the groups such as welding, chemical welding, mechanical welding and so on. If held longer and more detailed classification, then the two classifications above and will form groups are aplenty. Between the two ways of classification mentioned above classification seems to work more widely used because it is the classification described in this chapter are also based on the way to work.

This classification basic welding can be divided into three main classes, namely: Liquid welding, welding and soldering press. Welding manner in which the liquid is heated to melt the connection with the heat source of an electric arc or gas flame burning sources. How welding press is where the connection is heated and then pressed up into one. Which soldering welding connection is tied to and incorporated programs so using a metal alloy having a low melting point. In this case the parent is not involved melting metal.

Cuts are discussed in this book is how to cut metal that is based on a cut metal melt. Way that is widely used in welding and cutting with oxygen gas by the electric arc cutting. Welding the most used at this time arc welding with gas liquid. Because it both ways, namely electric arc welding and gas welding will be discussed separately. While welding ways that would otherwise be grouped in a single subject. Cutting, because it is a separate issue then the discussion is also carried out separately. Below is the classification of the welding means:

a) Welding of liquid

1. Gas welding
2. Electric welding slag
3. Electric welding gas
4. Thermic welding
5. Electron electric welding
6. Plasma arc welding

b) Welding press

1. Electric resistance welding
2. Welding point
3. Sectional welding
4. Arc welding press
5. Press welding
6. Blunt press welding
7. Press the gas welding
8. Wrought welding
9. Friction welding
10. Explosion welding
11. Induction welding
12. Ultrasonic welding

Read More

75 Years of Shaping the Sheet Metal Fabrication Industry

HICKORY, NC - In an era dominated by constant technological and economic change, it is rare to find a technologically based company that has been around for 75 years, much less one that has been a leader in innovation the entire time. But Murata Machinery USA, Inc., located in Charlotte, NC, has been a world leader in forming machinery technology, specializing in sheet metal fabrication applications, service and sales of turret punch presses and material handling equipment.

For 75 years, Murata has been a pioneer in the sheet metal fabrication industry, with innovations dating back to the first turret punch press without a center post, the R2. The R2 was designed in 1932 and manufactured for production in 1934 by Theodore Wiedemann.

Wiedemann was a master machinist from Germany who first set foot on American soil in 1888. By 1916, Theodore and his brother launched Wiedemann Machine Company in Philadelphia, which made machines that were ahead of their time, designing and producing devices ranging from automatic meat slicers to paint filling machines.
In the 1930's the company narrowed its focus to the precision fabrication industry with the turret punch press.

By World War II, demand for aviation parts fueled a period of explosive growth for the Wiedemann Machine Company. After the war, the company continued its flair for innovation by unveiling the first numerically controlled machine, the A15, at the IMTS show in Chicago in 1955. By 1958, Wiedemann Machine employed 280 craftsmen and a line of turret punch presses that were renowned throughout the sheet metal fabrication industry for their durability and accuracy.

In 1964, the Wiedemann Machine Company was purchased from the Wiedemann family by the Warner & Swasey Company, which introduced the first CNC turret punch press, the Wiedematic W2040, at IMTS in 1970. That same year, the Warner-Swasey Company launched a joint venture with Murata Machinery Ltd., located in Kyoto, Japan. Blank sheet production was raised to new levels with the introduction of the first CNC Right Angle Shear in 1976, the RAS 412. Murata Warner Swasey also unveiled the world's first Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) at Mitsubishi Switchgear and the first compact, numerically controlled turret punch press, the Centrum-1000, in 1983.

After recognizing the future potential and value of the Wiedemann Division, Murata Machinery Limited purchased the entire Wiedemann line from Warner-Swasey in 1989. In 1990, the two companies merged, forming equipment lines branded under the Murata Wiedemann name. Eventually, the Wiedemann name was phased out but not forgotten. Today, Murata Machinery continues to offer a wide array of machine tools marketed under the parent company of Muratec. Each machine also features the Wiedemann name.

In 1994, Murata Machinery changed the evolution of the turret punch with the introduction of the first electric servo punch drive — the Motorum 2034 design — which has since become a standard in the industry. Murata also launched revolutionary changes in productivity with the introduction of the first turret punch featuring a turret changer, the NPS-01, and the Motorum 2558 Hybrid, which combines electric turret punch capabilities with laser contour cutting.

That same spirit of innovation, durability and accuracy live on in Murata Machinery USA. "We always listen to the needs of our customers and react with products that push them ahead of the competition," explained Lloyd Keller, National Sales Manager, Murata Machinery USA. "Our products are designed as a solution to the user's requirements for the future that addresses improving efficiency, profits and the environment."

Today, Murata Machinery USA remains committed to the traditional values of craftsmanship with engineered products for the future. The company's sheet metal forming division produces and markets a wide range of machines, with punching capacities ranging from 22 to 45 U.S. tons. The machine configurations range from hydro-mechanical to the new servo electric drive with contouring options of plasma and laser, as well as a full line of stockers, loaders, and sorting equipment.

Murata Machinery USA's Motorum line also offers the latest in sheet metal fabrication technology and reliability, with automation options that take unmanned productivity to new heights with exceptional returns on investment. The division's equipment is distributed throughout the United States, Canada, and Mexico by the Muratec dealer network, which also provides service support.

Murata Machinery USA, Inc. is a subsidiary of Murata Machinery Ltd., located in Kyoto, Japan. The machine tool division produces a variety of metalworking machines for the metal-forming and metal-cutting industries and continues to be a world leader in the manufacture and design of high-productivity metal working machines.

For more information, visit http://www.muratec-usa.com or call 800-428-8469.

Read More

Various types of welding processes

There are various types of welding processes and each has its own advantages and disadvantages, including:

1. Arc welding is a technique that uses the power supply and create an electric arc between the electrode and the base material.
2. Forge welding is a process that joins metals by heating them to high temperatures.
3. Tig tungsten electrode to produce weld and it is another name for gas tungsten arc welding of metals and used for thin sections of stainless steel and non ferrous metals.
4. Mig welding is automated arc welding process for its versatility and speed and the welding of aluminum and non ferrous materials.
5. Spot welding is a process in which metal surfaces are joined with the heat obtained from resistance of current flow.
6. Gas welding is also referred to as oxy-fuel welding and gas used for welding and cutting metals.
7. Stick or shielded metal arc welding is a process that uses manual arc consumable electrode.
8. Arc plasma using a plasma gas and has a narrow penetration with a greater concentration of energy.

Read More

How to Make the Best Use of Aluminium Welder

The same techniques aren't accustomed weld totally different metals. Thus, one should fathom the various aspects of the metals, before fastening identical. Al is that the metal that has low freezing point and high thermal conduction, that arise careful fastening of identical. Al welders ar best equipments, if used rigorously to weld Al.


An improvement can be seen in almost every sphere of life. Whether it is communication or transport, the advancements have been brought and have helped people in numerous of ways. Likewise, there are much changes brought about in the field of welding. There are different types of welder available in the market today that make it easy to cut and weld metal with different thickness without bringing about any deformation in them.

One such welder is aluminium welder that is especially designed to cut and weld aluminium precisely. It performs the repairs easily and quickly to allow easy aluminium fabrication and part repairs. The need of these welders arise because of the meticulous attention and concentration needed to work with this metal. It best suits the needs of a person looking for the equipment to weld aluminium.

The most important step in welding of aluminium is to apply the suitable technique that could perform the task successfully. It is must to know about the metal in order to have better results. It is beyond doubt that welding of aluminium is a challenging task, because of low melting point and high thermal conductivity of the metal. It can lead to burn, if the due care is not taken while welding. While using gas-arc welder, it is not easy to feed aluminium wire, as it has low column strength and it interweaves easily.

While working with aluminium welder or welding aluminium, there are certain points to be pondered over. The base metal should be properly cleaned so that there is no hydrocarbon or aluminium oxide pollution from cutting oils. The aluminium piece should be pre-heated to avoid weld cracking. Pressing on the gun, instead of pulling it will lead to clean and condensed weld. It would also cause better shielding-gas exposure. The high thermal conductivity of aluminium causes hotter amperage, voltage settings and superior welds.

Argon is the suitable gas to be used for its high quality clear out action. It is the most protected gas used in welding of aluminium. The cable feed technique should be appropriate to avoid the related hassles. The push and pull is the best of all techniques.

Read More

Constraints on Underwater Welding

The reluctance of the industry to use underwater welding technique is understandable considering the following things:

1. Class, either DNV or have not received LR technique for permanent repairs. There are weld defects which almost always accompanies (porosity, lack of fusion, cracking) these burdensome welding technique for permanent improvement purposes. On improving elements that can be said to be less important, the class was able to accept it as a conditional permanent which can be considered as a permanent home in the next inspection found no significant reduction of quality welding.
2. AWS D3.6 refers to: 1999 Specification for underwater welding, namely, the best results can be obtained from this technique is a new Class B. Results like this can only be acceptable if only for the purpose welding applications that are less important / critical where lower ductility, porosity is more, the discontinuities are relatively more acceptable. If welding is used usually only applied for purposes that are 'fit for purpose' only.
3. The high risk of hydrogen cracking in the HAZ area, especially for material that has higher levels of carbon equivalent of 0.4%. Especially in the North Sea, offshore structures used to use this material.
4. Based on existing experience in the industry, welding technique is only performed up into no more than 30 meters.
5. Shielded metal process performance arc (SMA) of ferritic electrodes deteriorate with advancing into. Commercial producers also limit the use of electrodes to a depth of 100 meters.
6. The nature of the welding results also deteriorated with increasing depth, especially for small ductility and toughness (Charpy impact).
7. Due to direct contact with water, the water around the welding area to boil and becomes ionized hydrogen gas and oxygen. Most of the gas is fused into the HAZ area but most of the others will flow into the air. When the flow is retained, there will be a risk of explosion is usually harmful to divers.

Read More

The Need and Significance of Metal Fabrication Welding

The process of metal fabrication attachment is the maximum amount AN art because it may be a science. This method entails connection 2 metal items into one piece with the employment of warmth. In most cases, {the 2|the 2} items of metal to be joined along square measure liquid at the targeted joint and that they square measure additional secure by employing a filler material that firmly holds these two materials along. whereas the employment of warmth (usually within the kind of a flame) has been the traditional attachment methodology, these days you shall notice lasers, electrical arcs and even ultrasound to hold out this method.

This method is also used for prototype machining, in which an archetype of a machine is made and tested for feasibility before the final product can be made. Since both these techniques require a considerable amount of skill, one needs to partner with a reputable firm for such services.

A firm that boasts of metal fabrication welding as their core competency is more likely to offer you a better service. Since these services are used for the high end manufacturing of large and small industrial machinery or components, one cannot take a chance with quality.

So whether you need a unique product or a batch of components, you can outsource these requirements to a machining firm. This process begins with a design--so a lot depends on the accuracy of the design that is being created for you.

These services are required by several industries including but not limited to aerospace, tooling and fixtures, assemblies, composites, energy sector, wind, hydro power, nuclear power, pipelines, marine industry, infrastructure construction and many others.

Now let's discuss some of the salient features of Metal Fabrication Welding:

This technique of joining two metals endows the final part with strength and stability.

Parts or components such as valves can be made according to tight tolerances and in adherence to industry codes.

It is possible to create machines and components that can offer you different work patterns and outputs.

Welding can be performed on different shapes and sizes of welds. It can help join metal pieces at different angles.

Once the welding process is executed, its strength can be ascertained with the help of several tests. This helps to check defects such as cracks, incomplete fusion, distortion, undercutting etc at an early stage. The errors can then be rectified suitably. Testing errors is an important aspect of Prototype machining.

When the process of welding is carried out, the risk of distortion exists. Only an expert machinist can help control such risks. In addition, if you need to procure highly complex or intricate parts with difficult metals and geometrical shapes, it is advisable to enlist the services of a reputable Metal Fabrication Welding firm.

Read More

Welding technique electric current

SMAW attachment may be a technique by victimization an electrical current flow and arc-shaped conductor webbed. different kinds of arc attachment with an electrical current is SAW submerged arc attachment, gas metal arc attachment GMAW-MIG, gas atomic number 74 arc attachment and plasma arc G. this happens within the SMAW attachment conductor gas once it melts wrap membrane, therefore the method isn't needed pressure / pressure element to displace the gas or water will cause corrosion or bubbles within the weld-weld. Prose attachment happens as a result of the electrical current flowing Between the electrodes and attachment material forming the warmth thus it will reach 3000 ° C, therefore Spake creating the conductor and therefore the material to be welded to soften. supported its current sort, attachment is split into AC and DC current, the that flows straight polarity DC-Divided into direct and reverse polarity polarity - polarity reversed. attachment machine was Divided into 2 varieties, specifically constant current - constant voltage and current mounted - mounted voltage, that in associate degreey arc attachment electrical phenomenon within the event of an enlarged bow can lower and lift the voltage and current within the shortened arc current can increase of and reduce voltage.

To get a good weld should:

1. Appropriate electrodes using
2. Appropriate type of current
3. Type of polarity is correct for the DC current
4. Avoid left-right movement during welding welding
5. Short form of the arc current, welding doing a steady and regular
6. The rate of welding electrodes in accordance with the speed of the melt.

Often the problems That Arise in the arc welding current is:

1. Electrode freezes / stops welding
2. Form an ugly seam welding
3. Arc welding current is bad Because It expands
4. Moderate membrane electrode / flux is made Generally dariserat
5. Wood / cellulose
6. Titanium oxide
7. + Titanium base compound
8. Mn + Fe + Si
9. Iron oxide
10. CaCO3, the which will form the type of electrode in the form type: E, R, ER, EC, EW, B, RB, RG and F.

Selection of electrodes is based on:

1. Properties of the materials to be welded
2. Welding position
3. Connection type
4. Number of welding
5. Density of the welding connection
6. Current types are available.

AC welding machine
Electrical machinery classified AC DC welding machines and welding machine, welding machine, air conditioning is usually a welding transformer, welding machines DC while besides transformers equipped with a diode rectifier or (Changer alternating current into direct current) motor drive Typically uses either diesel or petrol motors and electric motors. That AC welding machine uses a transformer or welding transformer.

Currently Widely used welding machines DC Because DC has
some of the advantages of the AC welding machine, Such as arc stability,
polarity can be set.

Welding DCSP (Direct Current Straight Polarity) or welding Straight Polarity.
If the base material or the material to be welded is connected to the positive pole (+) and the electrode connected with negative polarity (-) on the DC welding machine in this way is called straight polarity welding or DCSP.

In this way the electric arc moves from the electrode to the base material so That the collision of electrons in the base material resulting in 2/3 heat in the base material and the third heat in the electrode. This method will result in melting of the base material so That more than the electrode results have deep penetration welding, so That both are used in welding a slow and narrow weld bead and for a thick plate. Welding DCRP (Direct Current Reversed Polarity) Welding or reverse polarity. With the welding process in this way connected with the base material of negative polarity (-) and the electrode connected with the positive pole (+) of DC welding machine, and so-called DCRP arc moves from the electrode base material and the electron collision resulting in electrode 2/3 heat at the electrode and the third heat in the base material.

This method will Produce more That so the melting electrode has a shallow penetration welds, and both are used in welding of thin plates with the weld bead width.

Welding AC (alternating current) or alternating current to alternating current electric welding there is no positive and negative poles (two both the same) and therefore the connection behind the inverted REMAIN the same results. Each pole will receive 50% of heat penetration and consequently normal.

Electrode welding
Most of the SMAW welding electrode coated by a layer of flux, the which serves as a gas-forming fluid That Protects the metal from the surrounding water Contamination. In Addition fluk also useful for forming weld slag That also serve to protect the weld from the air surrounding liquid. Electrode layer is a mixture of chemicals That the composition as needed welding. According to the AWS (American Welding Society) electrodes are classified with the letter E and Followed by four or five digit Following E. The first two digits or three digits indicate tensile strength welds three digits indicate
over 100 000 psi tensile strength while the two digits indicate the weld tensile strength of less than 100 000 psi. For example, electrode E 6013 has a tensile strength of 60.000 psi (42 Kg/mm2). While the third or fourth digit figure for a Greater tensile strength 100 000 psi (70 Kg/mm2) next digit position of the welding point, if the numbers mean for all positions. Welding 1, number 2 means the weld flat horizontal or l and 3 show for the welding flat. The last digit indicates the type of chemical mixture of the electrode layer.

Read More

Stainless Steel Welder

Like each alternative metal, steel has its own properties. As a result, the fastening of the stainless-steel becomes troublesome, if the preventative measures aren't taken care of. A overheat could lead to wrapping or distortion of the metal. Hence, one must watch out enough and use the correct stainless-steel craftsman whereas operating with steel.
The major problem with iron is its property to rust, due to which, iron is not fit to be used in various fields. In order to make the best use of its strength and durability, iron is used as alloy in the form of steel. As a result, stainless steel, iron based alloy is used in large numbers of industries. it resists corrosions and is able to withstand certain types of chemicals, liquids and gases. In addition to it, there are many other properties that make it the best metal in industries. These properties include withstanding of high temperature and being versatile in nature.

Besides it, there are certain precautionary measures that are to be taken into considerations while working with stainless steel. It melts at low temperature and is more resistant to electricity. It allows transfer of heat easily. It expands on heating and the expansion is more than other metals. All these aspects of stainless steel can cause hindrance while working with steel. Hence, there arises a need of stainless steel welder that can cut and weld steel precisely without any deformation or damage to the same.

If too much of heat is provided to it, it can wrap or create distortion on cooling. The minor carelessness can show up later and can create problems. It is better to control the amount of heat while working with this metal. Above all, one needs to have knowledge about different types of steels so that they can be put to use in the best way.

The amount of different metals added to the iron or steel make them differ in properties which directly or indirectly affect the welding of the same. It is therefore, said that you should have the knowledge of different steel and its effects on the welding or the change of properties that may affect or hamper the work later on. Thus, one should choose the right type of when it comes to welding of steel. The improved technologies have made it easy for people to weld steel without any deformation.

Read More

Electrode welding mild steel & alloy

Here is given a list of conditions for mild steel welding electrodes and low alloy steels Philips.

Electrodes for Cast Iron Fitting
Electrode used for welding cast iron is as follows:

Steel electrodes
Electrodes of this type when used for welding cast iron will Produce a strong weld deposit so it can not be machined. Thus Spake the electrode is used when the welding is not done anymore. To weld cast iron with steel electrodes can be used AC or DC welding plane poles reversed.

Nickel electrode
This type of electrode used for welding cast iron, when the welding is done again with the machine. Nickel electrode can be used in the sense of seeing the welding position. Ridge welding electrodes are produced in cast iron is flat and smooth when used in DC welding plane poles reversed. Characteristics of the nickel electrode can be seen in the table below.

Bronze electrodes
Welds by means of electrodes are resistant to cracking, so the length of the weld can be added. Core wire of the electrode is made of phosphor bronze and given a membrane That Produces a stable arc.

Electrodes for Aluminum.
Aluminum can be welded with electrodes made electricity from the same metal. The selection of aluminum electrode in accordance with the work table is based on information from the which the factory makes. Aluminum electrodes AWS-ASTM AI-43 for electric arc welding is a welding plane pole upside down where the use of DC currents expressed in the following table

Membrane Electrodes for Hard
Objectives in terms of hard coatings are conditions for use of equipment or materials are resistant to scraping That, punch and wear resistant. For this purpose the electrodes for hard coatings can be classified into three types are:

Scraping the electrode resistance.
Electrodes of this type are made of chrome carbide tube filled with carbide Filings. Electrodes with a diameter of 3:25 mm - 6.5 mm is used bicycles AC or DC welding plane poles reversed.
These electrodes can be used for hard coatings on the surface of a thin slice, expand the holes and some type of knife.

Electrode resistance blows.
These electrodes can be used on AC or DC welding plane poles reversed. Hard coatings used for the solver and a hammer.

Wear-resistant electrode.
These electrodes are made of non-ferrous alloys containing Cobalt, Wolfram and chrome. Usually used for hard surface coatings and the exhaust valve and valve seat wear in the which the temperature is very high.

Read More

Tig Welder Assortment

Tig attachment is one explicit of the best attachment methodes and it's been used in several industries and functions thanks to its adjustable attachment process and accuracy. It uses metal conductor as a expendable and it's obtainable in numerous types. during this report, we have a tendency to square measure planning to handle some tig artificer picks these as choosing, setting and a few additional suggestions in order that once you acquire this artificer, it would seems to be associate degree easy one. plenty of of the quality industries let down to acknowledge this approach {and get|and acquire|and acquire|and find} drop on some defect merchandise and conjointly they obtain an affordable merchandise into a low-priced rate. therefore allow America precede our dialogue. terribly 1st we are going to begin with a way to acquire a tig attachment machine.
Attempt to uncover a regional welding dealer or keep and guarantee that they are specialized in dealing with all sorts of devices and in distinct, tig welding. The following best way to find this welder is to have a appear at classifieds, in classifieds, you can see a column for welding above there and in that you can have a look at a assortment of welding machines. In welding classifieds, you can also locate some kind of used welders, make a decision by yourself, which a single are you going to buy. Have a pay a visit to at online merchants so that you can get some a lot more suggestions on this superb welding device. After this processes, you would have come into a conclusion concerning how to acquire and where to acquire. Our subsequent concern is how to choose it. Selecting is straightforward if you shell out some a lot more time on understanding some basic information about it. You need to choose a tig welder that is good quality in all facets and also, you really should pick a machine that can weld all varieties of metals.

The machine you select should be capable of functioning with all types of gases. The welding device ought to match with the specified tig welding input and for instance, if you need to weld a difficult metal, you require an ac welder that will work much better. Dc welder functions well with soft metals and obtain a device primarily based on the thickness of the metal that you are likely to weld. The most critical point is the device that you buy really should match effectively with your function place and buy a portable welding machine that has great duty cycle with guarantee and guarantee. I feel so now you have acquired the finest tig welding devices in the market, but you don't how to set up it. Do not get worried, right here comes the tips for also that.

Plug the welding device into the suitable marked spots and if essential, link the control panel to the welding device. Then, pick the correct ground clamp with suitable metal setting on the and then plug the Welding device into the needed outlet and flip it on. Adhere to these tips and purchase the finest tig welding machine with attractive functions.

Read More

Welding Machine Electrode ARC

Electric arc welding electrode is encased in one of the electrical arc welding electrode feed, the the which uses an electric arc as a source of heat. The heat That Occurs in electric arc occurring Between the electrode with the workpiece, melting the tip electrode (wire) welding employment and local bodies, then form an alloy, solidifies into welds (weld metal). Wrap (which serves as an electrode flux coating will burn in time process, and the gas Occurs That will protect the process to the influence of outside water. Fluid will wrap on the surface of the weld solidifies and floats called slag, the the which can then be cleaned easily.

WELDING MACHINE (WELDING MACHINE).
Requirements of the SMAW process is a continuous supply of the electric current (electric current), the number of ampere and voltage stability of the welding flame is quite good (Arc) will REMAIN intact.

Where electric power (electric power) obtained from the welding machine by type currents are issued 3 (three) types of machines namely:
a. Machine with direct current (DC).
b. Machine with an alternating current (AC)
c. Machine with a combination of the direct current (DC) and alternating
(AC)
Machine on direct current (DC) equipped with the changing nature of alternating current component (AC) into direct current (DC) is a generator, Because That Is the electric current used here not from the battery, but the emergency power generator.

Alternating current machines do not need to be equipped with a generator, a transformer, but enough. Electric characteristics 80-85% efficiency. For a combination of AC and DC machine is equipped with a transformer and rectifier, the rectifier is the which has a function to smooth the flow.

Selection of Welding Parameters
The length of the arc (Arc Length) is Considered to be either more or less the same with him. electrode is used. Magnitude of the voltage used for welding every position not the same. For example he was. electrode 3 mm - 6 mm, has a voltage of 20-30 volts in flat position, and this voltage will be reduced Between 2-5 volts at a position above the head. Voltage stability is greatly Determines the quality of welding and also stability through sound during welding. The amount can be heard also affect welding current, wherein the amount of electrical current depending on the welding of the material and size of welds, the geometry of the welding connection, and he's kind of electrode. core electrode. For welding in the weld area has high absorption capacity That Necessary heat and large electric currents may also need additional heat. Moderate for steel welding alloys, the the which can be easily hardened his HAZ region too fast cooling effect, cooling it to withstand these high heat input is given to a large welding current. Welding of metal alloys, in order to avoid burning the element should be used alloying elements welding current is as small as possible. Also on the hot weld cracking may occur, for example, in austenitic stainless steel weld the use of heat so it cultivated as small as possible must small. Welding speed of the welding current depends on the parent material, type of electrode, he. Core electrode, the geometry of the connection, the connection accuracy. Necessary in order to more higher welding currents can Quickly.

Electrical polarity affect the outcome of an electric arc. Electric Properties on the arc direct current (DC) will be more stable than the alternating current (AC). There are two types of polarity is the polarity of the straight, where the object of positive and negative working electrode (DCEN). Reverse polarity is the reverse polarity ie the opposite. Characteristics of metal removal Occurs by ejection, then this polarity mepunyai more results in the than welding with straight polarity (DCEN).

Welding Implementation
Ignition of the arc welding can be done by performing a brief relationship with the parent metal electrode tip, and then separate them again until a Certain distance as the length of the arc. Where the normal arc length Between the the which is 1.6 - 3.2 mm.

Electric arc outages done by removing the electrode from the parent material. to Produce a weld bead connecting the well can be performed as follows:
Before the electrodes should be kept away from the parent metal arc length reduced first, then the electrode was kept in a position to more adequately tilted.

Movement of Welding Electrode
There are different Airways to stimulate the (swinging) welding electrode, namely:

1. Electrode is driven by forward and backward, this method is one form of weaving methods.
2. Other forms of weaving is to make a move like and a half months.
3. Electrode That resembles a figure 8 motion.
4. Electrode with a rotating motion.
5. Electrode movement by forming hesitation.

All movements have a purpose to get a deposit weld metal with a flat surface, smooth and protected from the notch and Including slag, slag, the most Important in the movement of the electrode is the precision of angle and speed stability. Swing-shaped electrode for welding or bending webbing width of weld bead welding is limited to 3 (three) times as large as the diameter of the electrode.

Welding Techniques for Groove Connection Type

Flat position (1G)
It is recommended to use methods Such as figure 9 A and B. This can be done to kind of connection penetration on both sides, but can also be done on one side only penetration. Type a flat position (1G) in the implementation very easy. Pipe material may be applied on the road playing the pipes.

Horizontal position (2G
2G welding pipe welding positions are horizontal, upright position to the pipe and welding Carried horizontally around the pipe. Difficulty horizontal position welding is the weight of the liquid weld itself it will always be down. The angular position of the 2G pipe welding electrodes is 90 º. The length of the electrode movement Between 1-2 times the diameter of the electrode. When too long can lead to lack of good quality weld. Arc length in
short as possible try ½ times the diameter of the welding electrode. For the welding of filling made with a circular motion and Attempted to burn well on both sides of the seam so as not to occur ACAT. This movement is repeated for the next replenishment.

Vertical position (3G)
3G position welding done on the plate material. 3G is Implemented on a vertical position and the electrode plate. Difficulty of welding is similar to the 2G position due to the gravitational force of the liquid electrode welding.

Pipe welding in 5G position welding can be Divided into up
and welding down. Welding up is usually performed on the pipe wall has a high thermal Because It requires a teal. Speed ​​up the welding direction to the direction of welding is lower than down, so the heat input per unit area is higher than the 5G welding pipe welding down. The position placed on a fixed horizontal position and the welding done around the pipe. So That the welding
well, it is Necessary to weld studs (tack weld) on 5-8-11 and 2 o'clock position. Start welding at 5:30 to 12:00 hours through 6 hours and then Followed by the 5:30 o'clock position at 12:00 over 3 hours

Movement of the electrode to pass root position (weld root) is regular at a distance triangles ½ times the diameter of the electrode arc.

Welding down
Usually done on a thin pipe and oil pipelines and natural gas. The reason the use of welding down more lucrative dikarenakanlebih faster and more economical.

Read More

Metal Fabrication

In a metal manufacturing setting, the Kaizen 5S framework, which is a series of five Japanese words beginning with the letter “S” can be implemented for the shop floor. This framework allows for a sanitary, working setting.

The first “S” is Seiri and refers to tidiness or in English can be referred to as “sort.” The shop floor in a metal shop should always be tidy. Any articles not needed for manufacturing need to be discarded. A way of identifying unneeded articles is by “red tagging” them, which is precisely what it means: placing a red tag on it. The articles are then moved to a location where they can be ordered and either thrown away, used elsewhere, or recycled.

The second “S” is Seiton and means organization or things being “set in order.” The shop setting should have everything organized. Items have to be stockpiled effectively and labeled so that employees can locate them quickly and easily. If things are out of place, this will advance production time while workers seek out components. It is important that all of the “S” methods go in order and that this step is done subsequent to sorting because time does not need to be wasted sorting items that need to be red tagged and thrown away.

The third “S” is Seiso which is defined as cleanliness or “shine.” Now that everything is stowed, a thorough cleansing of the shop needs to be conducted and on a continual basis in the future. Machines and areas should always be clean so they are functioning at their best so cleaning of sites should be conducted every day. Cleaning also helps staff notice if something is not working correctly. Grime can lessen the effectiveness of a machine in a metal manufacturing environment.

The fourth “S” is Seiketsu, which means standardization. Standardization makes sure that everyone is thinking the same way in what they should be working on and a standard form of procedures is always followed so that the 5S methodology is maintained. Charts and signs can be used as reminders to employees so that they keep using the system. Roaming from the procedures or standards can waste priceless time. Prevention is important in this step so that an accumulation of unnecessary materials is prevented, a dirty work setting is avoided, and the first 3 S’s are maintained.

The last “S” is Shitsuke and means continuing with the principles of Kaizen through continuous improvement and sustaining the discipline. The goal is to make all of the S’s a practice and to not fall back on old practices and forget about the 5S methodology. Constant reminders and management follow-up are necessary to make sure that the 5S system is a success.

Oftentimes a sixth “S” is appended for safety. This “S” would be good to add in a metal manufacturing shop due to the manufacturing equipment that is on the shop floor such as laser cutters. Employees must be schooled in safety measures and safety adherence.

5S Methodology in Practice

At Maloya, we used the 5S system in a variety of ways to advance our working environment. We used metrics to measure efficiency and achievement in our production work center as well as evaluated production quality levels. We also observed benchmarks of necessary skill sets for workers working in certain areas so that they could determine which of their workers needed more training. The methodology let us to grow our company significantly by putting into practice the 5S system in a metal manufacturing setting.

Marc Anderes is a co-founder of Maloya Laser which specializes in Laser Cutting and Metal Manufacturing with advanced laser technologies, targeting machinery, aerospace, medical, scientific and transportation needs.

Read More